3.7.96 \(\int \frac {x^2}{2+3 x^4} \, dx\) [696]

Optimal. Leaf size=97 \[ -\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (1-\sqrt [4]{6} x\right )}{2\ 6^{3/4}}+\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (1+\sqrt [4]{6} x\right )}{2\ 6^{3/4}}+\frac {\log \left (\sqrt {6}-6^{3/4} x+3 x^2\right )}{4\ 6^{3/4}}-\frac {\log \left (\sqrt {6}+6^{3/4} x+3 x^2\right )}{4\ 6^{3/4}} \]

[Out]

1/12*arctan(-1+6^(1/4)*x)*6^(1/4)+1/12*arctan(1+6^(1/4)*x)*6^(1/4)+1/24*ln(-6^(3/4)*x+3*x^2+6^(1/2))*6^(1/4)-1
/24*ln(6^(3/4)*x+3*x^2+6^(1/2))*6^(1/4)

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Rubi [A]
time = 0.05, antiderivative size = 97, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 9, number of rules used = 6, integrand size = 13, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.462, Rules used = {303, 1176, 631, 210, 1179, 642} \begin {gather*} -\frac {\text {ArcTan}\left (1-\sqrt [4]{6} x\right )}{2\ 6^{3/4}}+\frac {\text {ArcTan}\left (\sqrt [4]{6} x+1\right )}{2\ 6^{3/4}}+\frac {\log \left (3 x^2-6^{3/4} x+\sqrt {6}\right )}{4\ 6^{3/4}}-\frac {\log \left (3 x^2+6^{3/4} x+\sqrt {6}\right )}{4\ 6^{3/4}} \end {gather*}

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Int[x^2/(2 + 3*x^4),x]

[Out]

-1/2*ArcTan[1 - 6^(1/4)*x]/6^(3/4) + ArcTan[1 + 6^(1/4)*x]/(2*6^(3/4)) + Log[Sqrt[6] - 6^(3/4)*x + 3*x^2]/(4*6
^(3/4)) - Log[Sqrt[6] + 6^(3/4)*x + 3*x^2]/(4*6^(3/4))

Rule 210

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(-(Rt[-a, 2]*Rt[-b, 2])^(-1))*ArcTan[Rt[-b, 2]*(x/Rt[-a, 2])
], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[a/b] && (LtQ[a, 0] || LtQ[b, 0])

Rule 303

Int[(x_)^2/((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^4), x_Symbol] :> With[{r = Numerator[Rt[a/b, 2]], s = Denominator[Rt[a/b, 2]]},
Dist[1/(2*s), Int[(r + s*x^2)/(a + b*x^4), x], x] - Dist[1/(2*s), Int[(r - s*x^2)/(a + b*x^4), x], x]] /; Free
Q[{a, b}, x] && (GtQ[a/b, 0] || (PosQ[a/b] && AtomQ[SplitProduct[SumBaseQ, a]] && AtomQ[SplitProduct[SumBaseQ,
b]]))

Rule 631

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> With[{q = 1 - 4*Simplify[a*(c/b^2)]}, Dist[-2/b, Sub
st[Int[1/(q - x^2), x], x, 1 + 2*c*(x/b)], x] /; RationalQ[q] && (EqQ[q^2, 1] ||  !RationalQ[b^2 - 4*a*c])] /;
FreeQ[{a, b, c}, x] && NeQ[b^2 - 4*a*c, 0]

Rule 642

Int[((d_) + (e_.)*(x_))/((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2), x_Symbol] :> Simp[d*(Log[RemoveContent[a + b*x +
c*x^2, x]]/b), x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e}, x] && EqQ[2*c*d - b*e, 0]

Rule 1176

Int[((d_) + (e_.)*(x_)^2)/((a_) + (c_.)*(x_)^4), x_Symbol] :> With[{q = Rt[2*(d/e), 2]}, Dist[e/(2*c), Int[1/S
imp[d/e + q*x + x^2, x], x], x] + Dist[e/(2*c), Int[1/Simp[d/e - q*x + x^2, x], x], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, c, d, e},
x] && EqQ[c*d^2 - a*e^2, 0] && PosQ[d*e]

Rule 1179

Int[((d_) + (e_.)*(x_)^2)/((a_) + (c_.)*(x_)^4), x_Symbol] :> With[{q = Rt[-2*(d/e), 2]}, Dist[e/(2*c*q), Int[
(q - 2*x)/Simp[d/e + q*x - x^2, x], x], x] + Dist[e/(2*c*q), Int[(q + 2*x)/Simp[d/e - q*x - x^2, x], x], x]] /
; FreeQ[{a, c, d, e}, x] && EqQ[c*d^2 - a*e^2, 0] && NegQ[d*e]

Rubi steps

\begin {align*} \int \frac {x^2}{2+3 x^4} \, dx &=-\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {2}-\sqrt {3} x^2}{2+3 x^4} \, dx}{2 \sqrt {3}}+\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {2}+\sqrt {3} x^2}{2+3 x^4} \, dx}{2 \sqrt {3}}\\ &=\frac {1}{12} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {\frac {2}{3}}-\frac {2^{3/4} x}{\sqrt [4]{3}}+x^2} \, dx+\frac {1}{12} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {\frac {2}{3}}+\frac {2^{3/4} x}{\sqrt [4]{3}}+x^2} \, dx+\frac {\int \frac {\frac {2^{3/4}}{\sqrt [4]{3}}+2 x}{-\sqrt {\frac {2}{3}}-\frac {2^{3/4} x}{\sqrt [4]{3}}-x^2} \, dx}{4\ 6^{3/4}}+\frac {\int \frac {\frac {2^{3/4}}{\sqrt [4]{3}}-2 x}{-\sqrt {\frac {2}{3}}+\frac {2^{3/4} x}{\sqrt [4]{3}}-x^2} \, dx}{4\ 6^{3/4}}\\ &=\frac {\log \left (\sqrt {6}-6^{3/4} x+3 x^2\right )}{4\ 6^{3/4}}-\frac {\log \left (\sqrt {6}+6^{3/4} x+3 x^2\right )}{4\ 6^{3/4}}+\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-1-x^2} \, dx,x,1-\sqrt [4]{6} x\right )}{2\ 6^{3/4}}-\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-1-x^2} \, dx,x,1+\sqrt [4]{6} x\right )}{2\ 6^{3/4}}\\ &=-\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (1-\sqrt [4]{6} x\right )}{2\ 6^{3/4}}+\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (1+\sqrt [4]{6} x\right )}{2\ 6^{3/4}}+\frac {\log \left (\sqrt {6}-6^{3/4} x+3 x^2\right )}{4\ 6^{3/4}}-\frac {\log \left (\sqrt {6}+6^{3/4} x+3 x^2\right )}{4\ 6^{3/4}}\\ \end {align*}

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Mathematica [A]
time = 0.01, size = 77, normalized size = 0.79 \begin {gather*} \frac {-2 \tan ^{-1}\left (1-\sqrt [4]{6} x\right )+2 \tan ^{-1}\left (1+\sqrt [4]{6} x\right )+\log \left (2-2 \sqrt [4]{6} x+\sqrt {6} x^2\right )-\log \left (2+2 \sqrt [4]{6} x+\sqrt {6} x^2\right )}{4\ 6^{3/4}} \end {gather*}

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Integrate[x^2/(2 + 3*x^4),x]

[Out]

(-2*ArcTan[1 - 6^(1/4)*x] + 2*ArcTan[1 + 6^(1/4)*x] + Log[2 - 2*6^(1/4)*x + Sqrt[6]*x^2] - Log[2 + 2*6^(1/4)*x
+ Sqrt[6]*x^2])/(4*6^(3/4))

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Maple [A]
time = 0.14, size = 93, normalized size = 0.96

method	result	size
risch	\(\frac {\left (\munderset {\textit {\_R} =\RootOf \left (3 \textit {\_Z}^{4}+2\right )}{\sum }\frac {\ln \left (x -\textit {\_R} \right )}{\textit {\_R}}\right )}{12}\)	\(24\)
default	\(\frac {\sqrt {3}\, 6^{\frac {3}{4}} \sqrt {2}\, \left (\ln \left (\frac {x^{2}-\frac {\sqrt {3}\, 6^{\frac {1}{4}} x \sqrt {2}}{3}+\frac {\sqrt {6}}{3}}{x^{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\, 6^{\frac {1}{4}} x \sqrt {2}}{3}+\frac {\sqrt {6}}{3}}\right )+2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {3}\, 6^{\frac {3}{4}} x}{6}+1\right )+2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {3}\, 6^{\frac {3}{4}} x}{6}-1\right )\right )}{144}\)	\(93\)
meijerg	\(\frac {54^{\frac {3}{4}} \left (\frac {x^{3} \sqrt {2}\, \ln \left (1-6^{\frac {1}{4}} \left (x^{4}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {x^{4}}}{2}\right )}{2 \left (x^{4}\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}}+\frac {x^{3} \sqrt {2}\, \arctan \left (\frac {3^{\frac {1}{4}} 8^{\frac {3}{4}} \left (x^{4}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}{8-3^{\frac {1}{4}} 8^{\frac {3}{4}} \left (x^{4}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}\right )}{\left (x^{4}\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}}-\frac {x^{3} \sqrt {2}\, \ln \left (1+6^{\frac {1}{4}} \left (x^{4}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {x^{4}}}{2}\right )}{2 \left (x^{4}\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}}+\frac {x^{3} \sqrt {2}\, \arctan \left (\frac {3^{\frac {1}{4}} 8^{\frac {3}{4}} \left (x^{4}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}{8+3^{\frac {1}{4}} 8^{\frac {3}{4}} \left (x^{4}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}\right )}{\left (x^{4}\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}}\right )}{216}\)	\(170\)

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int(x^2/(3*x^4+2),x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)

[Out]

1/144*3^(1/2)*6^(3/4)*2^(1/2)*(ln((x^2-1/3*3^(1/2)*6^(1/4)*x*2^(1/2)+1/3*6^(1/2))/(x^2+1/3*3^(1/2)*6^(1/4)*x*2
^(1/2)+1/3*6^(1/2)))+2*arctan(1/6*2^(1/2)*3^(1/2)*6^(3/4)*x+1)+2*arctan(1/6*2^(1/2)*3^(1/2)*6^(3/4)*x-1))

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Maxima [A]
time = 0.50, size = 121, normalized size = 1.25 \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{12} \cdot 3^{\frac {1}{4}} 2^{\frac {1}{4}} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{6} \cdot 3^{\frac {3}{4}} 2^{\frac {1}{4}} {\left (2 \, \sqrt {3} x + 3^{\frac {1}{4}} 2^{\frac {3}{4}}\right )}\right ) + \frac {1}{12} \cdot 3^{\frac {1}{4}} 2^{\frac {1}{4}} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{6} \cdot 3^{\frac {3}{4}} 2^{\frac {1}{4}} {\left (2 \, \sqrt {3} x - 3^{\frac {1}{4}} 2^{\frac {3}{4}}\right )}\right ) - \frac {1}{24} \cdot 3^{\frac {1}{4}} 2^{\frac {1}{4}} \log \left (\sqrt {3} x^{2} + 3^{\frac {1}{4}} 2^{\frac {3}{4}} x + \sqrt {2}\right ) + \frac {1}{24} \cdot 3^{\frac {1}{4}} 2^{\frac {1}{4}} \log \left (\sqrt {3} x^{2} - 3^{\frac {1}{4}} 2^{\frac {3}{4}} x + \sqrt {2}\right ) \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(x^2/(3*x^4+2),x, algorithm="maxima")

[Out]

1/12*3^(1/4)*2^(1/4)*arctan(1/6*3^(3/4)*2^(1/4)*(2*sqrt(3)*x + 3^(1/4)*2^(3/4))) + 1/12*3^(1/4)*2^(1/4)*arctan
(1/6*3^(3/4)*2^(1/4)*(2*sqrt(3)*x - 3^(1/4)*2^(3/4))) - 1/24*3^(1/4)*2^(1/4)*log(sqrt(3)*x^2 + 3^(1/4)*2^(3/4)
*x + sqrt(2)) + 1/24*3^(1/4)*2^(1/4)*log(sqrt(3)*x^2 - 3^(1/4)*2^(3/4)*x + sqrt(2))

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Fricas [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 160 vs. \(2 (68) = 136\).
time = 0.41, size = 160, normalized size = 1.65 \begin {gather*} -\frac {1}{108} \cdot 54^{\frac {3}{4}} \sqrt {2} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{54} \cdot 54^{\frac {3}{4}} \sqrt {3} \sqrt {2} \sqrt {3 \, x^{2} + 54^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {2} x + \sqrt {6}} - \frac {1}{18} \cdot 54^{\frac {3}{4}} \sqrt {2} x - 1\right ) - \frac {1}{108} \cdot 54^{\frac {3}{4}} \sqrt {2} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{54} \cdot 54^{\frac {3}{4}} \sqrt {3} \sqrt {2} \sqrt {3 \, x^{2} - 54^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {2} x + \sqrt {6}} - \frac {1}{18} \cdot 54^{\frac {3}{4}} \sqrt {2} x + 1\right ) - \frac {1}{432} \cdot 54^{\frac {3}{4}} \sqrt {2} \log \left (36 \, x^{2} + 12 \cdot 54^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {2} x + 12 \, \sqrt {6}\right ) + \frac {1}{432} \cdot 54^{\frac {3}{4}} \sqrt {2} \log \left (36 \, x^{2} - 12 \cdot 54^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {2} x + 12 \, \sqrt {6}\right ) \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(x^2/(3*x^4+2),x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

-1/108*54^(3/4)*sqrt(2)*arctan(1/54*54^(3/4)*sqrt(3)*sqrt(2)*sqrt(3*x^2 + 54^(1/4)*sqrt(2)*x + sqrt(6)) - 1/18
*54^(3/4)*sqrt(2)*x - 1) - 1/108*54^(3/4)*sqrt(2)*arctan(1/54*54^(3/4)*sqrt(3)*sqrt(2)*sqrt(3*x^2 - 54^(1/4)*s
qrt(2)*x + sqrt(6)) - 1/18*54^(3/4)*sqrt(2)*x + 1) - 1/432*54^(3/4)*sqrt(2)*log(36*x^2 + 12*54^(1/4)*sqrt(2)*x
+ 12*sqrt(6)) + 1/432*54^(3/4)*sqrt(2)*log(36*x^2 - 12*54^(1/4)*sqrt(2)*x + 12*sqrt(6))

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Sympy [A]
time = 0.18, size = 87, normalized size = 0.90 \begin {gather*} \frac {\sqrt [4]{6} \log {\left (x^{2} - \frac {6^{\frac {3}{4}} x}{3} + \frac {\sqrt {6}}{3} \right )}}{24} - \frac {\sqrt [4]{6} \log {\left (x^{2} + \frac {6^{\frac {3}{4}} x}{3} + \frac {\sqrt {6}}{3} \right )}}{24} + \frac {\sqrt [4]{6} \operatorname {atan}{\left (\sqrt [4]{6} x - 1 \right )}}{12} + \frac {\sqrt [4]{6} \operatorname {atan}{\left (\sqrt [4]{6} x + 1 \right )}}{12} \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(x**2/(3*x**4+2),x)

[Out]

6**(1/4)*log(x**2 - 6**(3/4)*x/3 + sqrt(6)/3)/24 - 6**(1/4)*log(x**2 + 6**(3/4)*x/3 + sqrt(6)/3)/24 + 6**(1/4)
*atan(6**(1/4)*x - 1)/12 + 6**(1/4)*atan(6**(1/4)*x + 1)/12

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Giac [A]
time = 0.55, size = 95, normalized size = 0.98 \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{12} \cdot 6^{\frac {1}{4}} \arctan \left (\frac {3}{4} \, \sqrt {2} \left (\frac {2}{3}\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} {\left (2 \, x + \sqrt {2} \left (\frac {2}{3}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}\right )}\right ) + \frac {1}{12} \cdot 6^{\frac {1}{4}} \arctan \left (\frac {3}{4} \, \sqrt {2} \left (\frac {2}{3}\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} {\left (2 \, x - \sqrt {2} \left (\frac {2}{3}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}\right )}\right ) - \frac {1}{24} \cdot 6^{\frac {1}{4}} \log \left (x^{2} + \sqrt {2} \left (\frac {2}{3}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x + \sqrt {\frac {2}{3}}\right ) + \frac {1}{24} \cdot 6^{\frac {1}{4}} \log \left (x^{2} - \sqrt {2} \left (\frac {2}{3}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x + \sqrt {\frac {2}{3}}\right ) \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(x^2/(3*x^4+2),x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

1/12*6^(1/4)*arctan(3/4*sqrt(2)*(2/3)^(3/4)*(2*x + sqrt(2)*(2/3)^(1/4))) + 1/12*6^(1/4)*arctan(3/4*sqrt(2)*(2/
3)^(3/4)*(2*x - sqrt(2)*(2/3)^(1/4))) - 1/24*6^(1/4)*log(x^2 + sqrt(2)*(2/3)^(1/4)*x + sqrt(2/3)) + 1/24*6^(1/
4)*log(x^2 - sqrt(2)*(2/3)^(1/4)*x + sqrt(2/3))

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Mupad [B]
time = 0.11, size = 33, normalized size = 0.34 \begin {gather*} 6^{1/4}\,\mathrm {atan}\left (6^{1/4}\,x\,\left (\frac {1}{2}-\frac {1}{2}{}\mathrm {i}\right )\right )\,\left (\frac {1}{12}-\frac {1}{12}{}\mathrm {i}\right )+6^{1/4}\,\mathrm {atan}\left (6^{1/4}\,x\,\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {1}{2}{}\mathrm {i}\right )\right )\,\left (\frac {1}{12}+\frac {1}{12}{}\mathrm {i}\right ) \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int(x^2/(3*x^4 + 2),x)

[Out]

6^(1/4)*atan(6^(1/4)*x*(1/2 - 1i/2))*(1/12 - 1i/12) + 6^(1/4)*atan(6^(1/4)*x*(1/2 + 1i/2))*(1/12 + 1i/12)

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